PC users have dreamed of this for years: fewer cables on their devices, and higher transfer speeds for all data. This could become a reality with Thunderbolt. Instead of using several cables and standards for VGA, HDMI, DisplayPort, USB, FireWire, DVI and eSATA, you can now use a single device to connect to all devices. Thunderbolt also achieves a much higher data transfer rates than the USB 3.0.

Because Thunderbolt was being used by only Apple, it is available only for a few devices. But many computer firms are following suit and even Windows computers will soon come out with Thunderbolt. Large corporations such as Asus and Acer are looking at building Thunderbolt into their Ultrabooks, so that they can launch it soon sometime next year.

Intel was the first one to introduce this technology way back in 2009 by the codename Light Peak. The idea then was of an interface that would work between computers, monitors, peripherals and entertainment electronics. As the name suggests, Intel had planned for an optical transmission medium, but in the official introduction of the Thunderbolt standard at the beginning of 2011, a traditional electronic process with copper wires was used because of cost considerations. However one of the strengths of Thunderbolt is that the optical transmission option wasn’t omitted completely. Intel has already announced that the second generation Thunderbolts will use optical transfer technology.

What is unique about Thunderbolt is that it uses parallel data channels that work in both directions simultaneously. The full bandwidth capacity is thus available in both directions and there is no division of capacity between upstream and downstream devices. The two bidirectional channels can transfer a total of 10 GB per second each. Since you can connect up to six devices on one cable, the speed will be divided if several devices simultaneously send data to and fro along the same channels.

Thunderbolt however has even more potential. Intel plans to push through with the 50 GBps per channel in 2015 and then in 2019 up to 100 Gbps. A look at the transfer protocol architecture shows that Thunderbolt uses DisplayPort and PCIe, two existing and popular standards, as the basis for its own meta-protocol. For computers, connected devices and installed programs, it appears as through known protocols are being used. The thunderbolt protocol stack primarily ensures that the data packed together is transferred efficiently and lands at the correct spot. Besides traffic routing, Thunderbolt also offers one or more other user-friendly functions. Hot plugging, the concept of connecting and disconnecting devices while they are running, is something that we take for granted. Still a lot of work is required in the protocol stack to allow for this kind of user behavior. The heart of the Thunderbolt protocol is the transport layer which ensures that the connected devices are running synchronously. Another advantage of the Thunderbolt cables is that they can also be used to provide power to connected devices. Intel specifies up to 10 watts per thunderbolt cable.

Samsung Galaxy is giving a tough competition to iphone 4 and users can’t decide whether Galaxy S is a less good phone. If you check out the recent market reviews in smart phone category, you will find that Samsung is leading the race by providing wide range of high class handsets with affordable price. Samsung Galaxy S has stunning screen along with eye catching features and in competition to this Galaxy Phone comes Apple’s iPhone 4.

Very first feature to discuss in both these hi-tech features enabled high platform phone is their touch screen. Samsung Galaxy S has 4 inch super AMOLED color screen with 480x800 pixels. Screen quality is sharp and suits best with other features of Galaxy S. On the other hand iPhone 4 screen is of 3.5 inch with retina display and has 640x960 pixels. Apple’s iPhone comes with scratch prevented cover that protects the screen from scratches.

Good camera quality is a must to have feature in any multimedia phone, especially in the category of smart phones. Samsung Galaxy S has 5 mega pixels camera present at the rear end but the drawback is that it does not have flash that makes it hard for its user to take pictures at dark place. Galaxy S also has one secondary camera available on the front side for making video calls. On the other hand, iPhone 4 has 5 megapixels camera along with LED flash that helps you in taking picture even at complete dark places. Front portion of iPhone 4 has VGA camera along with Face-Time call feature. Camera quality of iPhone 4 is high with a resolution of 720 pixels. Advantage of flash in iPhone leads camera feature in comparison to Samsung Galaxy.

Next and very important feature is the processor quality. Luckily both Samsung Galaxy and iPhone 4 have 1GHz processor. While Galaxy S uses ARM’s processor, Apple uses its own Apple A4 processor that has been used in Apple’s iPad. I am sure Samsung will definitely give strong and tough fight to iPhone 4 in processor quality. Samsung Galaxy uses Android 2.1 along with Samsung Touch-Wiz UI. Best part with Android platform is that it allows multitasking that proves to be an advantage point in Galaxy S. However Apple’s iPhone runs on newly developed iOS 4 that includes interchanging of wallpapers, software for controlling audio quality and allows multitasking too. This Audio Controller works with any kind of audio application along with iPod applications.

In Operating System category, Apple iPhone 4 beats Samsung Galaxy without any doubt. It’s hard to say which phone leads the competition because both of them are ahead of each other in some category. If you check overall, Samsung S leads the fight and the reason is quite obvious. Not every one can buy iPhone 4 because of its high price tag however Samsung Galaxy S on the other hand is cost effective that’s why become the first choice for customers.

In terms of Connectivity, Samsung Galaxy S has lots of option like Wi-Fi, NFC, 4G, BT and DLNA. In some way we can say that Galaxy S is much easier to use in terms of connectivity. You can easily connect Galaxy S to your laptop using any of these features but for iPhone 4 you have to pay some extra price in order to activate the connectivity service. Samsung Galaxy S is a top quality smart phone that uses open source Android Platform that makes this smart phone favorable to use. It has stunning screen that makes browsing so easy to perform But Touch-Wiz user interface of Galaxy S is not as user friendly as Apple’s user interface.

Technology geek may find it easy to select the best smart phone among these two. While Galaxy S is an affordable phone in smart phone category, but people who are brand conscious, Apple’s iphone is definitely iconic.

Intel has been an absolute performer and in the lead ever since its Core series CPUs launched. AMD has just not been able to keep up with Intel. AMD’s bulldozer was supposed to have been able to provide some competition but it barely keeps up with even Intel’s previous generation, therefore it isn’t astonishing that Sandy Bridge E, the architecture within this innovative Extreme Edition CPU, is the fastest thing ever known.

In the past few years, Intel had become complacent giving headaches to high end PC buyers. Intel had launched its previous set of Extreme Edition CPUs, the Bloomfield XE i7-9xx series in 2008 and the gulftown i7-9xx series in 2011. These series were set apart from the mainstream Core lineup by the use of their own socket and chipset. But with the Intel Core i7 3960X, everything has changed.

The Intel Core i7 3960X is the fastest consumer desktop CPU in Intel’s lineup. The 2.27 billion transistor chip has eight cores, but the latest models being released at the moment use only six of them. Each of these six cores can execute two threads and there is a 15 MB cache to keep them all occupied. The Intel Core i7 3960X nominal clock speed is 3.3 Ghz, but the speed increases to 3.6 Ghz on every core or 3.9 Ghz on a single core when Turbo Boost boots in to accelerate demanding applications. The TDP is 130W which is line with previous Extreme Edition parts. Perhaps Intel was aware that enthusiasts buy a CPU in this price range wouldn’t ever use a simple cooler and therefore, they have decided not to bundle one. Instead, for the first time, Intel’s offering an optional liquid cooling kit custom made by Asetek.

On the memory front, all of the four memory channels can be packed with 1600 MT’s modules, allowing for a whopping 51.2 GB/s of memory bandwidth. A number of X79 motherboards flaunt support for XMP (Xtreme Memory Profiles), which is a new Intel catchphrase that involves certifying motherboards and memory modules that make use of certain optimizations above and beyond DDR3 specifications. XMP squarely targets gamers and over-lockers, who will be looking to squeeze even more power out of their systems.

There is no onboard graphics subsystem, but anyone who is buying a CPU of this caliber would not want to pair it with anything below a top-range graphics card anyway. Rather than graphics, Intel has shifted the PCIe controller from the chipset to the CPU package.

With so many functions moving to the CPU, there isn’t much left for the chipset to do and the X79 Express is a mixed bag. All the usual boxes are checked: 14 USB 2.0 ports, Gigabit Ethernet, HD Audui, additional PCIe lanes and SATA. One the downside, there is no USB 3.0 port and only two of the six SATA ports support the latest 6 Gbps standard.

In short, the Intel Core i7 3960X is one of the fastest CPUs of this generation. However, given its non-extreme i7 siblings’ capabilities, it is hard to find a scenario where this much power is even necessary.

IPods are tempting gadgets, but to buy a new one is not everybody’s cup of tea. Thankfully there are refurbished iPods available in the market that work as a new piece and also do not cost much. Nobody will even come to know that you are using a refurbished iPod.

Looking to buy a refurbished iPod? It is the best way of getting an iPod at bargain prices.

What are Refurbished Ipods?

Refurbished iPods are the canceled and rejected iPods that Apple checks before putting them for sale. If you are buying an Apple’s iPod, you will get warranty of one year along with some accessories. Such iPods will always bring great deals for you. With the purchase of refurbished iPod, you can actually save a lot of money that you can use to buy other things for your iPods like Screen Guard, iTunes Songs, iPod cover and so on. Not only Apple sells refurbished iPods. If you search for any other company’s refurbished iPod you will get to know that they are much cheaper than that of Apple’s refurbished iPod. If you are looking for some kind of discount on refurbished iPods, try to purchase them from online shopping sites like eBay or Amazon.

I am sure that after going through all the important facts about refurbished iPod you will definitely purchase iPod but there are certain conditions that you should check before you buy it. Check all important factors like Batteries, warranty, screen, storing capacity and of course price. Once you are satisfied with all these factors, you can purchase it online. Always remember one thing, however good the condition and quality of your refurbished iPod is, it cannot be equal to the new iPod. But in my suggestion it is a good deal for gadget lovers who find it hard to purchase new iPods.

Some tips need to be followed in order to buy one good refurbished iPod for yourself. Always make sure that even if you are purchasing refurbished iPod, it should come from the same original company. Check for the price of refurbished iPod carefully as it should not be close to original iPod. Another point to notice regarding refurbished iPod is to check the warranty of the item so that in case if you get any defective piece, you can exchange it on the behalf of that warranty details. It has always been a good option to purchase refurbished iPod online than visiting any showroom or store. Reason, every reputable online company will give you an option to select from wide range of iPods available. You can also select refurbished iPods that varies in color, size, generation, model and features etc.

While purchasing online, check the reviews of different buyers and users regarding refurbished items before making final payment. Such reviews will always help you in selecting the best product for yourself. 

iPhone has revolutionized mobile world by providing end number of applications and features. One of such feature is converting iPhone into wireless router.

iPhone should provide constant internet connection in order to enjoy most of its features. Most of the iPhones have small screen that makes them difficult to use for some serious kind of web surfing, however you may find it sufficient enough to check your mails but using the iPhone for any larger purpose is definitely a serious kind of exercise that most of us would not prefer to do.

There is another way you can use the iPhone internet feature. You can use fast 3G connection of iPhone on your laptop by turning the device into a wireless router. Laptop is not the only option you can go for, you can also do the same thing on computer system, however some more steps need to be followed in order to fully use 3G internet connections. First make sure that your iPhone is jailbroken and if not then you have to make your iPhone jailbreak. There are different ways to jailbreak the iPhone. Nowadays most of the iPhones are coming with tethered jailbreak. Once you are done with this application, next thing to get is MyWi. You can get this through Cydia Store. Once you have jailbroken your iPhone, launch Cydia on the phone and search for “MyWi”. If you want you can purchase it directly or can use trial version. Purchasing MyWi will definitely cost you so if you are just checking out the wireless router feature of iPhone, you can download and install trial version of MyWi and if you want to use your iPhone as wireless router for life long then only option left is to purchase MyWi online.

Once you have installed MyWi, launch it by tapping on the icon named “On” which is present next to “Wi-Fi Tethering” in order to enable iPhone Wi-Fi feature. Now, you can connect laptop, PC and iPad to your newly configured iPhone Wi-Fi Router. Connecting laptop with iPhone will require same basic steps needed while connecting laptop with wireless network, so no need to worry regarding connection. Find iPhone Wi-Fi hotspot SSID and connect it.

While using this wireless router feature of iPhone, don’t forget that you are using your iPhone’s data plan. So if you are using unlimited plan on your iPhone then no need to worry. MyWi application will eat up iPhone’s battery at fast rate so you can use MyWi feature of iPhone by connecting it via USB and keep charging iPhone whenever required.

Around the world any iPhone user may stuck in a situation where there is no Wi-Fi or internet connection available and that is the time when you can use this special feature of iPhone to get connected to the world.